The algebraic hyperstructure of elementary particles in physical theory

Algebraic hyperstructures represent a natural extension of classical algebraic structures. In a classical algebraic structure, the composition of two elements is an element, while in an algebraic hyperstructure, the composition of two elements is a set. Algebraic hyperstructure theory has a multiplicity of applications to other disciplines. The main purpose of this paper is to provide examples of hyperstructures associated with elementary particles in physical theory.Comment: 13 page

Increasing the Adaptive Capacity of the Organism When Exposed to Adverse Environmental Factors Through Phytoadaptogens

The Problem of improving the quality of life of the population in modern conditions is the most relevant. The level of human health largely depends on the quality of the environment. Of special importance are the risk factors for the spread of diseases like environmental pollution, social conditions and bad habits. To the emergence of ecologically dependent diseases leads the combined impact of technogenic, social-economic, natural-climatic factors. The introduction of the principles of biotechnology, nanotechnology and innovations in industrial processing of plant resources, especially natural adaptogens, contributes to the production of balanced, ecologically clean food products functional purpose, the use of which will significantly minimize the adverse effects of the environment on humans

Theory of differential inclusions and its application in mechanics

The following chapter deals with systems of differential equations with discontinuous right-hand sides. The key question is how to define the solutions of such systems. The most adequate approach is to treat discontinuous systems as systems with multivalued right-hand sides (differential inclusions). In this work three well-known definitions of solution of discontinuous system are considered. We will demonstrate the difference between these definitions and their application to different mechanical problems. Mathematical models of drilling systems with discontinuous friction torque characteristics are considered. Here, opposite to classical Coulomb symmetric friction law, the friction torque characteristic is asymmetrical. Problem of sudden load change is studied. Analytical methods of investigation of systems with such asymmetrical friction based on the use of Lyapunov functions are demonstrated. The Watt governor and Chua system are considered to show different aspects of computer modeling of discontinuous systems

Accessing Nuclear Structure for Field Emission, in Lens, Scanning Electron Microscopy (FEISEM)

Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) has had a shorter time course in biology than conventional transmission electron microscopy (TEM) but has nevertheless produced a wealth of images that have significantly complemented our perception of biological structure and function from TEM information. By its nature, SEM is a surface imaging technology, and its impact at the subcellular level has been restricted by the considerably reduced resolution in conventional SEM in comparison to TEM. This restriction has been removed by the recent advent of high-brightness sources used in lensfield emission instruments (FEISEM) which have produced resolution of around 1 nanometre, which is not usually a limiting figure for biological material. This communication reviews our findings in the use of FEISEM in the imaging of nuclear surfaces, then associated structures, such as nuclear pore complexes, and the relationships of these structures with cytoplasmic and nucleoplasmic elements. High resolution SEM allows the structurally orientated cell biologist to visualise, directly and in three dimensions, subcellular structure and its modulation with a view to understanding its functional significance. Clearly, intracellular surfaces require separation from surrounding structural elements in vivo to allow surface imaging, and we review a combination of biochemical and mechanical isolation methods for nuclear surfaces

Plants of the MONARDA genus as promising medicinal herbs: components and properties

In this review article we brought together and analysed the results of various studies on the components and medicinal properties of essential oils extracted from flowering plants belonging to the Monarda genus.В данной обзорной статье представлены и проанализированы результаты работ, посвященных изучению состава и лекарственных свойств эфирных масел растений рода Monarda

Specific nature of the integrative (complex) effect of environmental factors on hazelnut cultivars in the Russian humid subtropics

Corylus pontica K. Koch is a valuable nut crop. The expediency of the crop’s large-scale cultivation calls for measuring the parameters of agroclimatic indicators, ranging in variability, intensity, and duration of their impact. Environmental factors were assessed using phenological techniques based on recording the flowering and fruiting dates, recognized as the function demonstrating the complex effect of these factors on the hazelnut yield throughout the crop’s perennial cycle. Climate change urges the selection of adaptable cultivars for such areas where limiting factors are turning into stressors. Dependence of hazel cultivars on climate indicators (air temperature and humidity, and total precipitation) was observed in the phases of harvest formation. The crop’s genotypic diversity contributed to the specific nature of the complex effect produced by environmental factors. Peculiar responses of hazel plants to weather conditions in both flowering and fruiting phases were instigated by the biology of their development. Flowering started in January and depended on air temperature and humidity. Fruiting was affected by air temperatures and precipitation amounts (in July/August). Dependencies between yield and weather were well expressed, with module values of 0.86–1.0 (p < 0.05). The effect size of limiting factors is better measured with the coefficient of determination (%), a direct indicator of the correlations between harvest and weather factors. Flowering (I–III) under unpredictable conditions is regarded as a “critical” stage in the ontogenesis of hazel trees. No less critical is the fruiting phase, occurring simultaneously with the setting and differentiation of generative organs for the next year’s yield. Registration of limiting factors and their variations over the perennial plant cycle made it possible to recommend cvs. ‘Cherkesskiy-2’, ‘Anastasiya’, ‘Kristina’ and ‘Viktoriya’ as adaptable to the subtropics of Krasnodar Territory

Secondary hyperparathyroidism based on the materials of the appeal to the surgeon, endocrinologist

The aim of the study - to describe the tendency of secondary hyperparathyroidism in a patient with stage 5 CKD with the determination of the most effective treatment methodЦель исследования – описать тенденцию возникновения вторичного гиперпаратиреоза у пациента с ХБП 5 стадии с определением наиболее эффективного метода лечени

Patterns of Forming the Urban Surface Deposited Sediments

The contemporary sedimentation processes participate in the formation of fluxes of the solid substances in an urban area, forming together a source of pollution, transit and depositing media. The patterns of forming the urban surface deposited sediments were determined on the example of Russian metropolis Nizhny Novgorod. Two schemes of the research were implemented in residential districts of the city in the summer field season 2018. The first research design scheme represented a detailed survey of residential quarters of the city. It included a collection of 25 samples of environmental compartments from five residential quarters with multi-storey buildings. The sampling was conducted in various functional landscape parts at the courtyard and facade areas. Each sample was separated into particle size fractions. Chemical and mineral analysis was performed in each granulometric subsample of the collected samples. The second scheme represented the urban geochemical study based on sampling the sediments from local surface depressed zones of microrelief in the city. The 40 samples were collected at the territory of the city on an irregular grid. The sampling was carried out in residential areas in blocks with multi-storey buildings. One sample represented a combined sample of sediments from local surface zones of microrelief by 3-5 localizations from the area of the block. Chemical analysis of the collected samples was conducted. The maximum content of dust (0.002-0.01 mm) 39% was found in soil, while the lower mean dust content was found in the samples of sediment from local surface depressed zones of microrelief (30 %) and in the road deposited sediments (30 %). The mineral composition of soil and sediment in Nizhny Novgorod is represented by quartz sand (approx. 55 %). In the samples of sediments, the minerals' content is basically characteristic for acid and metasomatic rocks. Building materials' content in the sediments reaches up to 20%. The maximum organic matter content was found in fine dust fraction 2-10 microns 21% in soils and 5% on the roads. Differentiation of the mineral content in the samples is observed for the various particle size fractions and different functional parts of the quarters. The highest content of metals of anthropogenic association (such as Pb, Zn and Cu) was found in the dust fraction. The Pb and Zn concentrations in samples of sediment of depressed areas of microrelief and road dust were significantly lower than in the soil. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.Russian Science Foundation, RSF: 18-77-10024The study was supported by Russian Science Foundation (grant No. 18-77-10024)

Some aspects of the distribution of Fusarium on cereals of Russia

Since 1995 the pathogens of genus Fusarium causing Root Rot, Snow Mold, Fusarium Head Blight of grain crops have been monitored in the Volga-Vyatka, Central, Central Chernozem and North Caucasian regions of the Russian Federation and in there were identified 15 Fusarium spp.: F. culmorum, F. heterosporum, F. sporotrichioides, F. oxysporum, F. nivale, F. graminearum, F. avenacеum, F. gibbosum, F. sambucinum, F. moniliforme, F. semitectum, F. poae, F. lateritium, F. solani, F. redolens. The high uniformity of Fusarium spp. has been revealed for the regions due to the susceptibility of crops to the soil-inhabiting micromycetes. Consistent long-term monitoring of the dynamics and frequency of occurrence of Fusarium spp. in a wide range of climatic areas has made it possible to characterize the state of the species of fungi in the regions and also to study their intraspecific and interspecific variability in toxicity and pathogenicity depended on biotic and abiotic factors. The prevalence of Fusarium spp. in the mycobiota has been determined by their plasticity and viability in the soil, on the weed roots and in the stubble of many crops and high competitive ability expressed pathogenicity and toxicity